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Pemmasani Timmanayudu was the ruler of Gandikota in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh. He was a satrap of the Vijayanagar kings. Pemmasani rulers came into prominence during the Vijayanagar period. The Pemmasani warriors were previously serving the Kakatiya dynasty as army commanders and migrated to Vijayanagar in 1370 CE after the downfall of the Musunuri Nayaks. The ancestors of the Pemmasani clan (Gothram: Musunulla) belonged to Bellamkonda in ancient Kammanadu. Timma Nayudu was a commander in the army of Proudha Devaraya (1420-448 CE), also known as Devaraya II. The Vijayanagar King granted Yadaki paragana in 1422 CE to Timma after his victory over Ahmed Shah in the battle of Kalubarige (Gulbarga). He ruled Gutthi (Gooty) and Gandikota regions and used to pay an annual tribute of nine lakh rupees to the Vijayanagar king. He developed Gandikota as an impregnable fort. Timma minted his own coins with Veerabhadra’s icon. During his long rule, he constructed many temples and tanks and brought recognition to Gandikota. Timma had 25,000 infantry, 15,000 horsemen and 40 elephants. The annual income of Gandikota was about 25 lakhs (2.5 million) rupees. He commanded an army contingent of 8000 soldiers during the battle of Kalubarige (Gulbarga). A property of 1240 kuntas in the city of Vijayanagar served as a camp for the Pemmasani warriors. He built many villages, tanks and temples in the Yadaki paragana.〔Andhra Pradesh District Gazetteers, N. G. Chetty, 1992, Hyderabad, p.277〕〔A Topographical List of the Inscriptions of Madras Presidency, V. Rangacharya, 1985, Asian Educational Services, p. 588〕 The village Venkatapuram was built in the memory of his mother Venkatamma. He had a minister by name Chennama Raju, son of Mahabashyam Mahadeva Bhatta. His son Veerathimma ruled Gandikota after him. ==References== * Quarterly Journal of Mythic Society, Bangalore, Vol. 30 (2), p. 186 * Tidings of the king: a translation and ethnohistorical analysis of the Rayavachakamu by Phillip B. Wagoner. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 1993. (ISBN 0-8248-1495-9). (http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=62773998 * Further Sources of Vijayanagar History by K. A. Nilakanta Sastry, 1946. * A Forgotten empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of India by Robert Sewell * Pemmasani Vaari Charitra by Munnangi Lakshmi Narasimha Sarma (in Telugu language) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pemmasani Timmanayudu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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